Kuphunzira Mozama Momwe Makhatani Omwe Amatha Kutayidwa ndi Mabakiteriya Amathandizira Chitetezo cha Zipatala

Mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito makatani a kuchipatala Kulimbana mwachindunji ndi matenda okhudzana ndi chisamaliro chaumoyo (HAIs) poletsa kukula kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Zipatala zimakumana ndi vuto lalikulu, chifukwa pafupifupi wodwala m'modzi mwa 31 m'zipatala zaku US anali ndi HAI imodzi patsiku lililonse mu 2015. Makatani achipatala awa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati akale amawonjezera chitetezo cha odwala komanso ukhondo mwa kupanga malo oyera komanso kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Njira yodziwira izi imathandiza kuteteza odwala omwe ali pachiwopsezo.

Mfundo Zofunika Kwambiri

• Mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda Nsalu yotayidwaIzi zimathandiza kuti majeremusi asamere pamwamba pawo. Izi zimathandiza kuti zipatala zikhale zoyera komanso zotetezeka kwa odwala.
• Makatani amenewa ndi osavuta kuwasintha nthawi zambiri. Izi zimachepetsa kufalikira kwa matenda ndipo zimapangitsa kuti kulamulira matenda kukhale kosavuta.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito makatani ogwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi imodzi kumasunga ndalama ndi nthawi kuchipatala. Safunika kutsukidwa, zomwe zimathandiza ogwira ntchito kuyang'ana kwambiri chisamaliro cha odwala.

Njira Zochizira Matenda Pogwiritsa Ntchito Ma Curtain Omwe Amatha Kutayidwa ndi Ma Antimicrobial

Kuletsa Kukula kwa Tizilombo Tosaoneka ndi Maso Pamwamba

Makatani achipatala ogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amaletsa kufalikira kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda toopsa pamalo awo. Makatani apaderawa ali ndi zinthu zomwe zimasokoneza ntchito za maselo a bakiteriya, zomwe zimalepheretsa kukula kwawo. Njira imeneyi imachepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa mabakiteriya m'malo odwala. Mwachitsanzo, kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuchepa kwakukulu kwa kuipitsidwa kwa mabakiteriya pamalo a makatani mutakhazikitsa mitundu yophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Deta iyi ikuwonetsa bwino momwe makatani awa amagwirira ntchito. Chiwerengero cha mabakiteriya omwe ali pa makatani chinali chochepera 1 CFU, zomwe zikusonyeza kuthekera kwakukulu koletsa makatani achinsinsi kuti asagwire ntchito ngati mabakiteriya opatsirana okhudzana ndi chisamaliro chaumoyo. Makatani awa amachepetsa kupezeka kwa mabakiteriya, motero amachepetsa kuipitsidwa pamwamba ndikuthandizira kusunga miyezo yaukhondo. Mwa kuchepetsa kukula kwa mabakiteriya pamalo a makatani, zinthuzi zimaletsa kuipitsidwa pakati pa odwala ndi ogwira ntchito zachipatala.

Kuchepetsa Zoopsa Zokhudzana ndi Kuipitsidwa kwa Mitsempha

Makatani a kuchipatala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amapangidwira makamaka kuti achepetse kusamutsa kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuchokera pamwamba pa katani kupita kwa odwala kapena ogwira ntchito. Njira yopewera matendawa imadalira mphamvu ya katani kuti ilepheretse kapena kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tomwe timakumana nayo, motero kuswa unyolo wofalitsa. Makatani otayidwa a biocidal amaletsa kusamutsidwa kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kudzera mu zophimba zawo zoletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Zophimba izi zili ndi zinthu zoteteza, monga didecyl dimethyl ammoniumchloride kapena polysiloxane. Zinthuzi zimachotsa kapena kuchepetsa kwambiri mabakiteriya a Gram-negative, monga Escherichia coli ndi Pseudomonas aeruginosandi mabakiteriya okhala ndi Gram-positive, monga Staphylococcus aureus ndi Enterococcus faecalis, pamwamba pawo. Kuchepetsa kumeneku kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tomwe timakhala pamwamba pa nsalu yotchinga kumachepetsa mwachindunji chiopsezo cha kuipitsidwa ndi manja kwa odwala ndi ogwira ntchito zachipatala. Mankhwala atsopano amapangidwanso kuti azipha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe zimawonjezera ntchito yawo yotchinga thupi motsutsana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tomwe timakhalapo nthawi zonse monga Clostridium difficile.

Kuonetsetsa Kuti Chilonda Chimakhala Chosabereka Mosalekeza Kudzera M'kusintha Mwachangu

Makatani achipatala otayidwa nthawi zonse amapereka njira yothandiza yochepetsera zoopsa zoipitsidwa ndi matenda ena chifukwa amapangidwira kuti azisinthidwa nthawi zonse. Izi zimachotsa kufunika kochapira zovala komanso kuchepetsa ntchito ya ogwira ntchito. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) imalimbikitsa kusintha makatani achipatala otayidwa nthawi imodzi kamodzi pamwezi ngati muyezo wocheperako. Komabe, kusintha nthawi yomweyo ndikofunikira ngati makatani akuwoneka kuti adetsedwa, aipitsidwa, awonongeka, kapena akhudzana ndi magazi, madzi amthupi, kapena zinthu zopatsirana. M'malo omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu monga Intensive Care Units (ICUs) ndi zipinda zodzipatula, kusintha pafupipafupi, nthawi zina sabata iliyonse, ndikofunikira chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kufooka kwa odwala komanso kuthekera koipitsidwa. Zipatala nthawi zambiri zimapanga nthawi zosinthira malinga ndi zoopsa za dipatimenti ndi kuchuluka kwa odwala, kuonetsetsa kuti nthawi zonse amakhala osabereka komanso malo otetezeka.

Kugwira Ntchito Bwino ndi Kutsatira Malamulo Ubwino wa Ma Curtain Otayidwa a Zipatala

Kuchepetsa Ma Protocol Oletsa Matenda

Makatani otayidwa m'malo otayidwa amathandiza kwambiri njira zowongolera matenda. Njira ya "kuchotsa ndikusintha" makatani awa ndi yosavuta. Njirayi imachepetsa zolakwika za anthu ndipo imatsimikizira kuti anthu azitsatira kwambiri mfundo zowongolera matenda. Kusasinthasintha kumeneku kumathandiza kuti pakhale ukhondo wabwino m'malo onse odwala. Zimapangitsa kuti kusonyeza kutsatira miyezo ya ukhondo panthawi yowunikira zinthu zikhale zosavuta.

Kuthandizira Kutsatira Malamulo

Zipatala zimapeza kuti n'zosavuta kukwaniritsa zofunikira za malamulo pogwiritsa ntchito makatani otayidwa. Kusintha kulikonse kumapereka malo atsopano komanso osawonongeka. Izi zimathandizira kuti nsalu ikhale yoyera nthawi zonse ndipo zimachotsa malingaliro okhudza ukhondo wa nsalu. Izi zimathandizanso kutsimikizira kuti nsaluyo ikutsatira malamulo. Njira yosavutayi imathandiza zipatala kutsatira miyezo yokhwima ya ukhondo, yomwe ndi yofunika kwambiri kwa mabungwe olamulira.

Kukonza Kugawa ndi Kusamalira Zinthu

Makatani achipatala otayidwa nthawi zonse amapereka ndalama zambiri zosungira. Amachotsa ndalama zokhudzana ndi kukonza makatani achikhalidwe, monga kutsuka ndi kukonza. Kutsuka makatani achikhalidwe kumatha kutha chifukwa cha ndalama zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa nazo. Ndalamazi zimawononga ndalama, makamaka chifukwa cha miyezo yowonjezereka yoyeretsa chilengedwe. Pepala loyera likuwonetsa kuti mtengo woyamba pa bedi lililonse la makatani achipatala otayidwa nthawi zonse ndi wotsika kwambiri kuposa wa makatani a nsalu. Izi zimathandiza zipatala kuti zisunge ndalama zambiri. Zitha kusamutsa ndalama kumadera ena ofunikira. Kuphatikiza apo, chitsanzo cha "kuchotsa ndikusintha" chimachepetsa ntchito ya ogwira ntchito. Izi zimamasula ogwira ntchito pantchito zina zofunika kwambiri zosamalira odwala. Kuchita bwino kwa ntchito kumeneku kumathandiza kuti zinthu zonse mchipatalamo ziyende bwino.

Kulimbitsa Ubwino wa Odwala ndi Antchito ndi Ma Curtains Apamwamba a Cubicle

Kuchepetsa Kukumana ndi Majeremusi

Makatani apamwamba a cubicle amachepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo chofalitsa matenda. Mphamvu zawo zophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zimawononga kapena kuletsa kukula kwa mabakiteriya, mavairasi, ndi bowa pamwamba pa nsalu. Kuchitapo kanthu mwachindunji kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti pakhale chotchinga pakati pa odwala ndi zinthu zomwe zingaipitse. Odwala, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chitetezo chamthupi chochepa, amapindula kwambiri ndi kuchepa kwa kufalikira kumeneku. Ogwira ntchito nawonso amakumana ndi zoopsa zochepa akamadutsa m'malo odwala. Njira yodziwira izi imathandiza kupewa kufalikira kwa matenda m'chipatala.

Kukonza Ukhondo wa Chilengedwe

Makatani amenewa amathandiza kuti malo ochizira matenda azikhala oyera nthawi zonse. Makatani achikhalidwe amatha kukhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuipitsidwa. Komabe, makatani achipatala omwe amatha kutayidwa amakhala ndi malo atsopano komanso oyeretsedwa akasinthidwa. Kusintha kumeneku nthawi zonse kumateteza kusonkhanitsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi fumbi. Kumaonetsetsa kuti malo ozungulira wodwalayo amakhala aukhondo. Malo oyera komanso owoneka bwino amapangitsanso kuti odwala ndi mabanja awo azidalira kwambiri ubwino wa chisamaliro.

Kuthandiza Malo Ochiritsira Otetezeka

Pamapeto pake, makatani apamwamba a cubicle amalimbikitsa malo otetezeka ochiritsira. Mwa kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndikukonza ukhondo wonse, amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa matenda okhudzana ndi chisamaliro chaumoyo. Odwala amachira mwachangu akapanda kutenga matenda ena panthawi yomwe amakhala. Ogwira ntchito amamva kuti ali otetezeka kwambiri pogwira ntchito m'malo osaipitsidwa kwambiri. Chitetezo chowonjezerekachi chimathandizira kuti odwala azitha kuchita bwino komanso kuti aliyense m'chipatala azisangalala.

Makatani achipatala ogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amasintha kwambiri chitetezo cha m'chipatala. Amachepetsa kwambiri kuipitsidwa kwa zinthu, ndipo amakhala oyera kwa nthawi yayitali poyerekeza ndi makatani achikhalidwe. Izi zimachepetsa mwachindunji matenda okhudzana ndi chisamaliro chaumoyo. Kuphatikiza makatani achipatala ogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala mu njira zopewera matenda kumapereka ubwino wa nthawi yayitali. Zipatala zimapeza chitetezo cha odwala komanso ndalama zotsika mtengo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti malo ochiritsira akhale otetezeka nthawi zonse.

FAQ

Kodi makatani oteteza ku mavairasi amateteza bwanji matenda?

Makatani awa ali ndi zinthu zoyambitsa matenda. Zinthuzi zimaletsa kukula kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda mwachindunji pamwamba pawo. Izi zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa mabakiteriya ndipo zimaletsa kuchulukana kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Kodi zipatala ziyenera kusintha makatani otayidwa nthawi zambiri bwanji?

Zipatala zimawasintha kamodzi pamwezi. Kusintha nthawi yomweyo ndikofunikira ngati makatani akuwoneka kuti adetsedwa. Malo omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu nthawi zambiri amafunika kusintha mlungu uliwonse.

Kodi makatani ogwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi imodzi amapereka ubwino wotani?

Zimathandiza kuti njira zopewera matenda zisamayende bwino. Zimathandizanso kuti malamulo azitsatiridwa. Makatani amenewa amathandiza kuti zinthu zigawidwe bwino mwa kuchepetsa ndalama zogulira zovala komanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa antchito.